Washington State Health Matter Phuong Phan HLTH-8201-1, Principles of Pop Health.2017 Winter Qtr 11/27-02/18-PT27 Dr. Tyra Dark 12/15/2017 Demographics-Related Data Indicator Washington State data US data Overall population of area of focus 7,288,000.00 323,127,513.00 Population under the age of 5 0.06 0.06 Population over the age of 65 0.15 0.15 Population of female 0.50 0.51 Ethnic backgrounds White alone 0.80 0.80 Black or African American alone 0.04 0.13 American Indian and Alaska Native alone 0.02 0.01 Asian alone 0.09 0.06 Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander alone 0.01 0.00 Two or More Races 0.05 0.03 Hispanic or Latino, percent 0.12 0.18 Percentage of non-native speaking population/household 0.19 0.21 Education levels % High school graduate 0.90 0.87 % Bachelor’s degree 0.33 0.30 % Advanced degree 0.12 0.11 Income levels 62,848.00 55,322.00 Poverty level 0.11 0.13 References United States Census Bureau (2017) QickFacts United States. Retrieved from: https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/PST045216 United States Census Bureau (2017) QickFacts Washington. Retrieved from: https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/WA/PST045216 Wikipedia (2017) List of U.S States by educational attainment. Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_educational_attainment Health Related Data Indicator Washington State data U.S data Life expectancy 79.92 78.86 Infant mortality 4.9 5.9 10 diseases with highest mortality rate Cancer 156.4 158.5 Heart Disease 137.6 168.5 Alzheimer’s disease 44.4 29.4 Accidents 41.9 43.2 Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease 39.7 41.6 Stroke 34.2 37.6 Diabetes 22.4 21.3 Suicide 15.4 13.3 Chronic Liver Disease/Cirrhosis 12.4 10.8 Flu/Pneumonia 10.7 15.2 Infant mortality: The number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Rate = Deaths per 100,000 References CDC (2017). Stats of the States. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/stats_of_the_states.htm. WorldlifeExpectancy (2017). Washington Life Expectancy. Retrieved from: http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/washington-life-expectancy CDC (2017). Infant Mortality Rates by States. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/infantmortality.htm   Washington State and U.S data analysis Analysis of demographics mainly comprises of different sets of mechanisms that permit in enumerating the dimensions as well as dynamics of the entire population. In essence, these mechanisms are mainly developed to examine the overall human population, and are extended to a multiplicity of areas in which researchers intend to understand the manner in which the populations of different social actors can alter across different periods of time through different birth processes, migration as well as death. Essentially, the demographic analysis particularly approximates are often regarded a dependable standard to judge the level of accuracy of the census information amassed at any period of time (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). The current study presents a comparative evaluation of the demographic analysis of Washington state and the USA. The present study covers different indicators as important dimensions of the demographic analysis. The indicators primarily include overall population of area under consideration, population particularly under the age of mainly 5 years, population over the age of particularly 65 years, population of female, ethnic backgrounds and education levels. In addition to this, the indicators also include levels of income and poverty levels. Analysis of the Washington state data and the US data replicate that Washington population is only 2.2% of US population. Analysis of the findings on the demographics reflects that population under the age of 5 years is the same for both Washington as well as the US data. Similarly, data on population over and above the age of 65 years for Washington exactly matches with that of the US data and stands at 0.15. However, the population of female is higher for US as compared to the Washington data. Data on different ethnic background helps in understanding that white alone is same for both Washington state and the US. However, ethnic backgrounds for white alone, American Indian, Asian, Native Hawaiian, two or more races is higher for Washington State as compared to US, whereas it is higher for black or African alone, Hispanic or Latino of US. Findings of the level of education show that percentage of high school graduate is higher for the Washington state as compared to the US data. Percentage of bachelor’s degree is also higher for the Washington state in comparison to the US. Again, percentage of advanced degree is greater for Washington State when compared against the US data. Further, the level of income is higher for the Washington state and the level of poverty is greater for the US data. Washington State the health issue The study intends to select the Cancer disease for the chosen population health initiative because of its mortality is highest among top 10 high mortality diseases in Washington State. Cancer is selected as the health issue for the current study as this has a considerable impact on the overall community health of U.S. Illness-related costs including treatment, long-term care, quality of life, and the loss of productivity of cancer patients will be a burden on the community. associations and their families. (Ward et al., 2014). Further, the impact of cancer on health of the public also continues to grow with the aging of the US population and incidence rates of cancer also increase. Thus, the researcher can address the reality by carrying out detailed study on cancer along with its load on the entire population (Betancourt et al., 2003). Given the estimated growth in the total number of cases on cancer, population based research on the disease cancer and health initiative on the same can offer diverse significant opportunities in order to enhance the overall public health (Lobelo et al., 2014). The important of Washington State population demographics The demographics of Washington state represent an ethnically assorted, cosmopolitan, medium sized capital city. Essentially, the district has a total population of roughly 7788000 where population under the age of 5 stands at 0.06 and population under the age of 65 years stand at 0.15. However, the population of female can be observed to be 0.50 while the female population for the US data stands at 0.51. Analysis of the races reveals that the race white (alone) population forms that largest percentage among all the other races, while native Hawaiian as well as other Pacific Islander (alone) population forms the lowest percentage. In addition to this, the level of education can be described using the high school graduate, bachelor graduate and the advanced degree. Analysis of the level of education shows that percentage of high school graduate is the highest and percentage of advanced degree is lowest. Again, the level of income is higher in comparison to that of the US data and the poverty level is 0.11 as compared to figure for US that is 0.13. The demographics data is important as these data help in knowing the characteristics of the population, different facets of economic life that in turn might assist in understanding the influence of demographics over health-related factors and decisions made in this regard. The health-related data shows that cancer contributes towards highest rate of mortality in the Washington State, therefore, is selected for the study. Three objectives to accomplish 1. The present public initiative on cancer is expected to develop and simultaneously examine behavioral interventions that can help in reduction of risk of cancer, improve access to as well as delivery of proper cancer care 2. The present initiative also has the objective of assessing the risk of cancer related to different environmental exposures in order to inform different regulatory decisions to restrict diverse exposures 3. This study has the objective to recognize different policies as well as programs that ca subsequently make cancer care more cost effective as well as efficient Activities for Objective 1 1. It is estimated that around 75% to 80% of different cancer diseases can be prevented by means of behavioral modifications. This comprise of programs of increasing awareness for cessation of smoking, alterations in diet that includes moderating fat as well as intake of alcohol and protection from sun. It is said use of tobacco can be said to be the leading cause of primarily premature death (Thomson et al., 2014). 2. Increased education as well as training of both physicians as well as health care providers can prove to be helpful for fighting the increasing incidence of cancer (Moyer, 2014). 3. Availability of different health fairs along with free clinics can lead to a diagnosis at an average phase. This leads to increase in percentage of detection of malignant tumors and subsequently progressive enhancement in rates of survival. Activities for Objective 2 1. Successful intervention programs aimed at increasing knowledge on skin cancer, diverse sun protective behavior as well as screening programs can have a dramatic influence on the overall incidence as well as mortality of mainly skin cancer. Screening as well as early program on detection also can lessen morbidity of particularly skin cancer. 2. Epidemiologic as well as genomic studies can be carried out for understanding environmental exposures that includes different medical radiation as well as exhaustion of diesel, infectious diseases namely the ones caused by environmental exposures (Khoury et al., 2016). 3. Randomized interventions can be undertaken for increasing protection from different environmental exposures. These interventions for instance might include sun protective behaviors based on diverse self-report, providing multidisciplinary information targeted at enhanced knowledge as well as negative attitudes as regards tanning, use of sun screens, increase in use of diverse protective clothing. Activities for Objective 3 1. The current health initiative intends to enhance the patient-provider communication process as well as patient education for both clinicians as well as patients that in turn can lead to more affordable, superior quality as well as superior quality cancer care. Therefore, programs aimed at redefining the way different chemotherapies are labeled and writing diverse consent forms can help in delivering clear, simple as well as direct assertions of the anticipated magnitude as well as degree of benefit from the provided treatment (Thomson et al., 2014). 2. The health initiative for cancer might include educating different oncologists regarding financial aspects of undertaking a practice and making them increasingly aware and conscious regarding the costs that are associated and the way to mitigate the same without compromising quality of patient care. 3. The health initiative might consider greater usage as well as adherence to different standards as well as treatment guidelines and these guidelines necessarily incorporates diverse cost considerations (Jacobs et al., 2015).   References Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Ananeh-Firempong, O., (2003). Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public Health Rep, 118(4), 293-302. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). USA. Classification of Diseases, Functioning, and Disability. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/icd10cm.htm. Jacobs, E. J., Newton, C. C., Carter, B. D., Feskanich, D., Freedman, N. D., Prentice, R. L., & Flanders, W. D. (2015). What proportion of cancer deaths in the contemporary United States is attributable to cigarette smoking? Annals of epidemiology, 25(3), 179-182. Khoury, M. J., Iademarco, M. F., & Riley, W. T. (2016). Precision public health for the era of precision medicine. American journal of preventive medicine, 50(3), 398. Lobelo, F., Stoutenberg, M., & Hutber, A. (2014). The exercise is medicine global health initiative: a 2014 update. Br J Sports Med, 48, 1583. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094326. Moyer, V. A. (2014). Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement Multivitamin Supplements for Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer. Annals of internal medicine, 160(8), 558-564.
