CM,1-eu-central-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com137 of 461 cation of planes of vertical bracing:egrated Design ExerciseBRITISH iiiiwiiNIt is preferable to locate bracing at or near the extremities of the structure to resist any torsional effects. Where the sets of bracing are Identical or similar, it’s sufficient to assume that the horizontal forces (wind loads and equivalent horizontal forces, each magnified for second order effects if necessary, see discussion below) are shared equally between the bracing systems within the orthogonal direction into consideration.Where the stiffnesses of the verfical bracing systems differ or the bracing systems are located asymmehically on plan, as shown within the figure below, equal sharing of forces should not be assumed. The forces carried by each bracing system are often calculated by assuming the ground could be a stiff beam and therefore the bracing systems are spring supports. finanksbedtacksksenbanwAteringswId brasFigure 29: Bracing forces for asymmetric arrangement.Page 137 of 461Integrated Design ExerciseBRITISH BAXRAINLIN Core Walls:Core walls used to resist lateral load and designed to defend against lateral seismic load. Core walls give accommodation to elevator Mall or staircase and play a major role in increasing the capacity of structure to resist lateral load. Litt core wall provides required stiffness. strength, and needed capacity for defamation to encounter the demands of strong seismic activity of ground. Lift core wall provided in different location such as the centre comer edge for both flat slab and conventional beam system. and the location of the fill core wall is determined to resist seismic acfion on buildings.Staircase:When designing a staircase. we need to make that it covers two main things style and safely.According to INC regulations about the design of a staircase:• Staircases should have a maximum rise of 220mm and minimum of 220mm. • Have a mcedmum pitch of 42 degree. • Should have a handrail on one side if they are lee than one metre wide • Handrails on stairs and landings must have a minimum height of 900mm. • No openings of any balustrading should allow the passage of a 100mm sphere. • A minimum of 2.000. mm of clear headroom is needed above the pitch fine.Page 13B of 461
