Advanced Principles of Material Science

Structure of crystalline materials:

Q1. What is a crystal structure? (3 Marks)

Q2. Describe what is meant by crystallographic planes and directions? (4 Marks)

Q3. What determines a crystal structure and a non-crystalline structure? (4 Marks)

Q4. In terms of imperfections in crystalline material, describe:

Point defects. (2 Marks)
Impurities in solids. (2 Marks)
Linear defects. (2 Marks)

Q5. In terms of microscopic examination of crystalline materials, describe:

(2 Marks)
Optical microscopy. (2 Marks)
Electron microscopy. (2 Marks)
(2 Marks)

Q6. What is meant by crystalline diffusion mechanisms and what are some applications? (4 Marks)

Q7. In terms of crystalline dislocations and strengthening mechanisms, describe the following

Definition and characteristics of dislocations. (3 Marks)
(2 Marks)
Plastic deformation of polycrystalline materials. (2 Marks)
Strengthening mechanisms in metals. (2 Marks)
Strain hardening. (2 Marks)

Q8. Discuss the structure and properties of ceramic materials? (3 Marks)

Q9. In terms of the heat treatment of glass, describe:

(2 Marks)

(2 Marks)

Phase diagrams:

Q1. What is an alloy? (3 Marks)

Q2. What is referred to as the phase of an alloy? (3 Marks)

Q3. What is phase equilibrium? (3 Marks)

Q4. Describe an equilibrium phase diagram? (5 Marks)

Q5. What is meant by an binary isomorphous system? (3 Marks)

Q6. Describe what is a binary eutectic system? (3 Marks)

Q7. Draw and label the iron carbon alloy phase diagram? (5 Marks)

Heat Treatment:

Q8. Define the following in terms of heat treatment of metals:

Annealing? (2 Marks)

Normalising? (2 Marks)

Tempering? (2 Marks)

Q9. In terms of the heat treatment of alloy carbon steels:

What is the influence of the alloying elements? (2 Marks)

What is meant by secondary hardening? (2 Marks)

Q10. In the heat treatment of Aluminium Alloys define:

Precipitation hardening? (2 Marks)

Solution heat treatment? (2 Marks)